Thiostrepton suppresses rhabdomyosarcoma development by focusing on the PI3K–AKT pathway

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) accounts for as much as 10% of childhood cancers and almost half of pediatric tender tissue sarcomas. Whereas multimodal therapies have improved outcomes for low- and intermediate-risk sufferers, high-risk or metastatic circumstances nonetheless undergo poor survival charges beneath 30%. Current therapies are sometimes poisonous and restricted by drug resistance. Thiostrepton (TST), first remoted within the Nineteen Fifties from Streptomyces azureus, has just lately emerged as a promising anticancer agent attributable to its distinctive skill to inhibit tumor-related transcription elements and signaling pathways. Primarily based on these challenges, it’s essential to discover thiostrepton’s therapeutic mechanisms in rhabdomyosarcoma by means of complete experimental analysis.

A analysis staff from the Kids’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical College, China, reported (DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.70014) on June 29, 2025, in Pediatric Discovery that thiostrepton can considerably suppress rhabdomyosarcoma development by focusing on the PI3K–AKT signaling pathway. Utilizing bioinformatics screening of GEO datasets and connectivity mapping, they recognized thiostrepton as a high candidate for reversing tumor-associated gene expression. Laboratory experiments confirmed its skill to curb tumor progress each in cultured cells and animal fashions, offering compelling preclinical proof for repurposing thiostrepton as an anti-rhabdomyosarcoma drug.

The examine mixed transcriptome evaluation and pharmacological validation to uncover thiostrepton’s antitumor mechanisms. Researchers analyzed gene expression knowledge from 84 tumor and 22 regular muscle samples, figuring out 269 conserved differentially expressed genes and choosing thiostrepton by way of Connectivity Map scoring. In vitro, thiostrepton inhibited RMS cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent method, with IC50 values of 4.986–9.764 μmol/L. It additionally blocked migration and invasion, triggered G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest, and induced apoptosis. In a xenograft mouse mannequin, thiostrepton remedy (3.4 mg/mL for 4 weeks) considerably lowered tumor quantity with out damaging important organs. RNA sequencing revealed that thiostrepton downregulated a number of oncogenic regulators, together with AKT, JAK, and CDKs, whereas suppressing the PI3K–AKT pathway. Including a PI3K activator partially reversed these results, confirming the pathway’s central function. These findings place thiostrepton as a multi-mechanistic inhibitor that disrupts most cancers cell survival, signaling, and proliferation.

Our findings show that thiostrepton exerts broad-spectrum antitumor results by means of a twin mechanism-directly impairing ribosomal protein synthesis and suppressing the PI3K–AKT signaling axis. This strategy not solely halts most cancers cell progress and invasion but in addition minimizes toxicity, which is essential for pediatric remedy. Given its well-characterized security profile as a veterinary antibiotic, thiostrepton could possibly be quickly superior by means of preclinical testing and tailored for mixture therapies in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.”

Professor Xiao-Mao Tian, corresponding creator

The invention of thiostrepton’s efficacy opens new avenues for drug repurposing in pediatric oncology. By focusing on the PI3K–AKT signaling network-a pathway generally related to tumor resistance-thiostrepton affords a possible technique to boost the effectiveness of present therapies whereas decreasing negative effects. Future analysis will give attention to evaluating synergistic combos with mTOR or immune checkpoint inhibitors to beat therapeutic resistance. If validated in medical research, thiostrepton-based regimens might grow to be an reasonably priced and secure different for managing aggressive types of rhabdomyosarcoma, bettering survival prospects for younger sufferers worldwide.